Japanese Baseball Essay Research Paper Japanese BaseballJapanese

Japanese Baseball Essay, Research Paper

Japanese Baseball

Japanese Baseball has existed in Japan since 1873. It first appeared amid the social, cultural and technological spasms Japan endured on the heels of the Meiji restoration. The game began as a club sport; Japan’s first team was the Shinbashi Athletic Club Athletics (composed mostly of people associated with Japan’s first railroad which ran from Shinbashi, in Tokyo, to Yokohama). For a relatively good treatment of Japan’s early baseball history see Robert Whiting’s “You’ve Gotta Have Wa,” (Chapter 2).

The sport became popular with schoolboys and eventually won recognition from the government. Amateur baseball was the only game in Japan until the Shibaura Club was organized in the early 1920s. The Shibaura Club was founded in Shibaura, Tokyo and eventually ended up playing in Takarazuka, Hyogo Prefecture under the sponsership of the Hankyu railroad. Eventually the club foundered in Takarazuka as well.

In 1934, the Yomiuri Shinbum organized another professional team, Dai Nippon. After a 1935 North American tour, Dai Nippon was renamed the Giants. Soon other teams were formed. In 1936, Japan took the big step. In April, Japan’s first profesional “season” began at Koshien Kyujo near Osaka. Six teams, not including the Giants, took part in three Spring tournaments played in Koshien, Narumi Kyujo (in Nagoya) and Takarazuka near Osaka. The Tigers won the spring league with five wins and four losses.

This was not to be an anomaly. From 1936 to 1939, the Tigers were the best team in Japanese pro baseball. It was not until 1939 that their chief rivals, the Giants, began to dominate. In 1939, the schedule was changed from a split season (spring and fall) to a single 96 game season. The next season (1940), the schedule was expanded to 104 games. In 1939 and 1940, the Japanese league consisted of nine teams.

The league’s season changed somewhat after that. Each team played at least 84 games in 1941. In 1942, the war in China spread to the rest of the Pacific. In spite of the continuing escalation of the war, the 1942 schedule went back to 104 games. In 1943, the schedule reverted to 84 games. In 1944, the schedule was drastically reduced to 35 games and only six teams. The 1945 season was never played. Within nine months of the beginning of the Allied occupation, Japan’s pro leagues were back in business with eight teams playing 105 games each.

General Information About Japanese Baseball

Amateur Baseball

Japan is, arguably, the word-wide center of amateur baseball, in the sense that so many people play baseball here. Softball is played in Japan but it far less popular among men than baseball. The total number of softball and baseball players in Japan is probably about even however, since there appears to be many more womens’ softball teams than baseball teams.

The most popular form of baseball is “nanshiki” which uses a light rubber ball with dimples so that it resembles a large golf ball with the traditional raised seams of a baseball. The ball is a little harder to catch (because it is so light, it has a tendency to pop out of the glove). It is very popular with town and city leagues as well as with many youth and company leagues.

The focus of amateur baseball is on industrial league, college, and especially high school ball.

High School Baseball

Every year there are national high school baseball tournaments in the spring and in the summer and the fall. In the spring and summer, epresentative high schools from around the country converge on Koshien Kyujo in Nishinomiya City, Hyogo Prefecture. Every aspect of the tournaments, from the opening ceremony to the award ceremony is televised nationally. The fall tournament, is held in Tokyo’s Jingu Kyujo and receives scant attention.

The teams in the spring tournament are invited to attend and represent their district. It has been rumoured that, in the past, some schools’ booster organizations offered cash to influence officials involved in the selection process. Teams take part in the summer tournament after winning their prefectural-level tournament.

College Baseball

Universities throughout Japan take part in local university leagues. As in high school ball, these leagues are split into spring and summer tournaments. Unlike high school ball, however, the focus is on the local tournaments with the national college championship earning scant attention from the media.

The two most prestigious, but not necessarily the best, leagues are located in Tokyo. The Tokyo Roku Daigaku (Tokyo Six Universities) league gets the most ink and has the longest tradition, but far more top-notch players are now coming out of the Toto (Tokyo Metropolitan) League.

The Toto league (and most other Japanese college leagues as well) has a division system. After the league season ends, the last-place team from the upper division has to play a series against the lower division winner. The winner of the series plays in the upper division in the following tournament. The loser is relegated to the lower division

The 1997 Guide is now available at English Language bookstores throughout Japan.

If you would like information on how to order Jim Allen’s 1998 Guide to Japanese Baseball go to: http://www2.gol.com/users/jallen/Guide.html

Внимание, отключите Adblock

Вы посетили наш сайт со включенным блокировщиком рекламы!
Ссылка для скачивания станет доступной сразу после отключения Adblock!

Скачать