Universal Neurosis Essay Research Paper Sigmund Freud

Universal Neurosis Essay, Research Paper

Sigmund Freud defined the goal of psychoanalysis to be to replace unconscious

with conscious awareness, where his ego shall be, and

through this an individual would achieve self-control and reasonable

satisfaction of instincts. His fundamental ideas include psychic determinism,

the power and influence of the unconscious, as opposed to the pre-conscious

mind, the tripartite division into id, ego and super-ego, and of course the

ideas of universal illusion and universal effects of the Oedipal Complex. The

examination of the Oedipal Complex is the most essential to the understanding of

Freud`s theories since he claimed that due to the resistance, repression,

and transference of early sexual energies the world had developed a universal

complex which did not allow for the healthy development of individual`s

but lead instead to the neurosis and mass illusion of religion. For his

perceivably vicious attacks on religion and his logical and yet totally

undermining examination of religion and other vital social issues, Freud has

been slandered and his theories criticised simply because of the away he

addressed these painful issues. Through the systematic development of the

theories of psychoanalysis, all stemming from one another and all tied together

into a universal Oedipal Complex and religious illusion, the ideas of the

tripartite human psyche and wish-fulfilment that Freud developed came under fire

from critics for their controversial messages and analysis. Briefly stated, the

Oedipus Complex is the preservation in the adult individual of the perceptions,

strategies and scars of a conflict the individual underwent during his/her

pre-school years. According to Freud, these perceptions, etc, later colour and

shape the individual’s future experiences. This psychological crisis results

when a young child’s sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex collides

with the competition, rivalry and overwhelming power of the parent of the same

sex. According to Freudian theory, the ghosts of this Oedipal crisis haunt us

our entire lives. Psychopathology, slips of the tongue, dreams, and religious

experience all were understood to be functions whose origins and energy resulted

from this repressed material. In his later work, Freud interpreted the reports

of his clients (reports offered under hypnosis, under verbal encouragement and

suggestion, and finally, in the later work, reports given through

free-associations) as revealing a universal Oedipal drama. Freud found what he

took to be evidence for the universal existence of the Oedipus Complex in the

testimony of patients, in his analysis of the repressed in dreams, in slips,

wit, and the transference phenomenon, as well as in art, philosophy and

religion. As the child develops, he/she identifies with the parent of the same

sex and renounces incestual desire. This renunciation is achieved and

strengthened by the formation of the super-ego, a section of the child’s ego

identified with the childhood image of the parents (the parental Imago)

perceived in consciousness as conscience and as the ego ideal. The ego ideal is

the self`s conception of how he/she wishes to be and is a substitute for

the lost narcissism in childhood when I was my own ideal. When

projected onto or into the world, the Imago (a word used by Freud to describe

unconscious object-representations) is taken by the experience to be a veridical

perception of a divine being. Throughout life, these experiences of this

childhood conflict are alive and present in the unconscious of the individual.

This childish, magically thinking, ever desiring, instinctually driven self is

described topographically by Freud in his tripartite division of the person as

the id (Latin for it). That part of the individual

responsible for maintaining congress and connection with reality and mediating

between the id and reality is the ego. That part of the ego,

largely and usually unconscious, which bears and enforces the ego ideal, is the super-ego. An activity is ego-syntonic just in case it strengthens

the ego in its function of mediating between the demands of reality, basic

instinctual drives (of appetite, aggression, and sexuality), and conscience. As

mediator, the ego needs to make adequate contact with both the external and

internal demands involved. Thus, one of its main tasks is reality

testing – making an accurate determination of the limits imposed on the

organism by the external world including one’s own body. Illusory beliefs are

not ego-syntonic and are thus ultimately destructive if allowed to control

individuals and societies, even if they should happen, e.g., by accident, to be

true. Freud has an unusual definition of illusion. For Freud,

although illusions are usually false, they are not false by definition.

According to the definitio

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