ArabIsraeli Wars Essay Research Paper The Rabinnovich

Arab-Israeli Wars Essay, Research Paper

The Rabinnovich article titled ‘Seven Wars and a Peace Treaty’,gives a

chronological background of wars made between Arabs and Israeli’s after the

birth of Israeli state. I: First War;1948-1949 The Israeli’s reffered this war

as the war of Independence.It had two distinct phases.It first begun in 1947

after UN resolution on the partition of Palestine.The resolution was accepted by

the Jewish community,but Arabs rejected.The result was a civil war.Until May 15,

1948 th two feuding communities tried to predispose the outcome of the

full-fledged strife that was bound to folow te evacuation of British forces.As a

result,much of fighting was mainly over the control of roads and the mixed

cities. After Israeli’s declaration of independence,Egypt,Lebanon,Iraq,Syria and

Jordan invaded Palestine to help Palestinian Arabs.This war lasted eight

months.Israel Defence Forces (IDF) a formal army,fought with 5 arab states

armies. By December 1948,it was clear that Israel had won the war.Egyptian army

was advanced well into Sinai.Lebanese army was pushed back to its borders and

Israelis captured part of South Lebanon.Syrian army was forced to retreat to a

line corresponding,to the pre 1948 international boundary.Those zones became

demilitarized.The war ended with Jordan in control of what became West

Bank.Iraqi army played a minor role,ts major role was pushing the Arab League to

intervene in the war. But how could Israel succeed. It enjoyed the benefit of

coherent leadership,whose impact was magnified by David Ben-Gurion’s ability to

integrate military and politiical elements into comphrensive strategy.Israel was

predicted on social and political structures of its own long before.Later in the

war,it obtained arms and turneits early military disadvantages into

advantages.Soviet assistance to Israel was one reflection of the international

dimension of the war.By helping Israel,Moscow hoped to disturb the status quo.

In the end of the war,Israel had larger area than the UN partition solution had

reaffirmed.So Palestine refugee problem was created.It was humuliating for

Arabs. 2. THE SINAI-SUEZ CAMPAIGN WAR;OCTOBER 1956 1950’s the antiagonism of the

states was expressed in the means of politic,economics and military acts.The

Arab boycott,the closure of Gulf of Tiran and Suez Canal to Israel shipping can

be shown as such examples. Arabs designed a full-scale war to undo the

consequences of 1948-1949 war and destroy Israeli state.For Israel, it would be

a limited war,just to stregethen its position and anticipate Aon an arab attack.

In the mean time Egypt was growing to be a regional power under the rule of

Nasser,who was a pan-Arabist leader,a friend of Soviet Union,It was the

firestarter of struggles against Israel. There were waves of raids organized by

Palestinian groupings from Gaza Strip and West Bank against Israel.Nasse created

a tripartite military pact among Egypt,Syria and Jordan. Nationalization of Suez

canal and Britain’s evacuation from the place increased the influence of Egypt

over Syria and Jordan.Nasser’s attack on the remnants of of Britain and France’s

colonial empires had an important effect too.So France and Israeli alience was

formed.Briatin and France wanted to save their position in the region.So In

Ocober 1956,in collusion with Britain and France,Israel attacked Egypt. Iasrael

believed its was waging a defensive war,Arabs were becoming belligerent.So she

decided to launch the Sinai campaign,to reach Suez Canal,to destroy Egyptian

Army in the Sinai and to capture Sharm el Sheikh,the point at the southern tip

of the Sinai Peninsula dominating the Tiran strait.By reaching the Suez

Canal,they would pave the way for the Britain and France to launch their own

military operation. Although they were thwarled by USA and SU, Israel evacuated

the Sinai and the Gaza Strip in 1957( later in return for security arrangements

made by the Eisenhower adminitration.) Nasser turned this military defeat into

political victory.Sinai was to be demilitarized and to be held by a limited

Egyptian power in case of any surprise attack.Also,UN forces were to be settled

in the Gaza Strip,along Sinai and Sharm el-Sheikh. This war showed Israel’s

impressive military capability,it contributed to the consolidation of its

regional and international standing.But Nasser did not take any lessons,he

started another war.He rested on the advantage of an Egyptian and arab militay

build up,a sufficiant measuere of Arab cooperation to permit the formation of a

single arab around Israel and Israel’s international isolation. 3. THE SIX DAYS

WAR;JUNE 5-10 1967 Soviet Union felt USA was trying to topple Syrian Baath Party

regime and isolate Nasser,led it to the extend an unsual degree of support to

Syria and to feed the Egyptians false information concerning Israel plan to

attack

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