To Investigate The Effect Of Temperature On

The Enzyme Catalase Essay, Research Paper

To

investigate the effect of temperature on the enzyme Catalase. To investigate the effect of temperature on the enzyme

Catalase.INTRODUCTION ......... The aim of

this experiment is to determine the effects of varying temperatures on enzyme

(Catalase). We will conclude the experiment by establishing the enzymes optimum

temperature (the temperature at which it works best at). We will also carry out

some simple experiments using the substrate Hydrogen Peroxide.Hydrogen Peroxide + Catalase ——> Water + Oxygen 2H̶̶̶̶̶̶̶̶₂O₂

——->H₂O + O₂ + heatPLAN ......... The aim of

this experiment is to determine the effect of varying temperature of enzyme

Catalase.Apparatus........................................................... Diagram.Water bath .Thermometer .Pipette .Stop Clock .Measuring cylinder .Inverted cylinder .Inverted measuring cylinder .Conical Flask/bung .Delivery tubeUsing the equipment safely ......... It is

important that we use the apparatus carefully, as safety will be an issue

through out the whole experiment. We will wear goggles and an apron, to protect

our eyes and clothes. As we are using enzymes and Hydrogen Peroxide we need to

be extra careful, ensuring they don.t come in contact with our eyes and skin.

We also must be careful when using hot water, being careful not to burn

ourselves. Therefore through out the whole experiment we shall be very careful

in our actions around the lab. ......... Catalase is

an enzyme found in all living cells. It makes Hydrogen Peroxide decompose into

water and oxygen. We will measure the amount of Oxygen released from the

Hydrogen Peroxide. In order to do this we will use an inverted measuring

cylinder. This piece of apparatus measures the amount of Oxygen given off,

measuring in (ml). This will help us measure the amount of Oxygen more

accurately. ......... To make the

test fair, the following parameters must remain constant during the experiment.

These parameters are water, Hydrogen Peroxide, Catalase, room temperature and

the duration of the reactions. If the reaction reacts too quickly we may dilute

the solution. By insuring this test is fair, we will gain accurate results.Variables ....... Dependant Variable: rate of breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide,

time Independent Variable: temperature of solution. Control Variable: Volume of Hydrogen Peroxide, volume of

Catalase solution, concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide, concentration of

Catalase.HYPOTHESIS ......... I

predict that the breakdown. of Hydrogen

Peroxide will be quicker when the temperature is increased until it exceeds

40°C. I predict that the enzymes optimum temperature is 23°C (room temperature)

. This is because a rise in temperature increases the rate of most chemical

reactions and a fall in temperature will slow them down. In many cases a rise

in 10°C will double the rate of reaction in a cell. This is particle theory. I

am going to investigate the temperature at which reactions occur. I predict an

increase in temperature will result in an increase in kinetic energy. Since the

speed of particles increases, they should collide more often and therefore the

speed of reaction increases. The particles will also have more energy thereby

speeding up the reaction even more. It has been suggested that for every 10

degree rise in temperature, the speed of the reaction will double. ......... At low

temperatures particles of reacting substances do not have much energy. However,

when the substances are heated, the particles take in energy. This causes them

to move faster and collide more often. The collisions have more energy, so more

of them are successful. Therefore the rate of reaction increases. ......... The more

successful the collisions are the faster the reaction. ......... The same can

be said for reactions controlled by enzymes, but because enzymes are proteins

if the temperature exceeds 50°C the enzyme will be denatured and will no longer

work. For this reason few cells can tolerate temperatures higher than

approximately 45°C. ......... Enzymes are

specific in the reactions they catalyse, much more so than inorganic Catalysts.

Normally, a given enzyme will Catalyse only one reaction, or type of reaction.

The enzyme has an active site that helps it to recognise its substrate in a

very specific way. Just like a key only fits into a specific lock, each enzyme

has its own specific lock, each enzyme has its own specific substrate. This is

called the lock and key theory. The enzymes never actually get consumed in the

process, they just increase the rate of reactions. ......... When enzymes

denature the heat starts to destroy their shape and structure. The shape of the

enzyme is so important to its working that any change in the shape of the

molecules will make them less effective or stop the

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