A Uniform Code Essay Research Paper A

A Uniform Code Essay, Research Paper

A Uniform Code

School uniforms, once a symbol of prestigious private academies, have gone public. Since President Clinton’s 1996 State of the Union Address, in which he endorsed school uniforms, the trend toward restricting student dress as a means of controlling violence has come front and center in the national debate. Alarmed by increased youth violence, a perceived breakdown of discipline, and poor academic performance, the public is clamoring for some concrete means of reasserting school order and safety. In one school district after another, school uniforms are proposed as the solution. I agree with this statement and believe that if all public schools in America institute school uniform policies, than violence, peer pressure, and other social problems can be alleviated.

School uniforms and dress codes are nothing new. My mother recalls the days when girls were not allowed to wear pants or shorts to school and the principal walked around carrying a yardstick to measure their skirt lengths. It seems an odd thing to do nowadays but back in the early 1970s, it was a sign of the times.

THE CASE FOR UNIFORMS

Many people believe adoption of school uniform policies will lead to increased school safety, student discipline, and student learning. More specifically, many have argued that school uniforms assist in reducing school violence and theft; preventing gang activity, such as students wearing gang colors and gang insignia; providing discipline in students; helping students to concentrate on their school work; helping students to resist peer pressure; and helping school officials easily recognize school intruders.

The school should provide a safe and disciplined learning environment for students. Violence in schools destroys such an environment and can negatively affect student motivation for learning. Everett and Price found that “due to increased prevalence of school violence, one in five public school students feels less eager to go to school every day, one in seven feels less inclined to pay attention to learning in school, and one in 10 stays home from school or cuts class” (Everett & Price, 1995, p. 345). In unsafe school environments, teachers cannot teach to their maximum potential, and students cannot learn to their full capability.

Youths who feel safe, secure, and free from threats of violence perform better academically. Those who fear for their safety in school or on the way to school may not learn effectively, and they may turn to truancy as an alternative to facing the daily threats of violence. One of every 10 to 12 youths who stays away from school does so because of fear (Everett & Price, 1995). In their response to increasing school violence, several teachers, principals, parents, and students believe uniforms could help reduce violence.

In a survey of the United Teachers of Dade County, Florida, approximately 60% of the group’s members supported mandatory uniforms for school children (Grantham, 1992). Similarly, of the 5,500 principals surveyed as attendees of the National Association of Secondary School Principals’ annual conference in February 1996, more than 70% believed that requiring students to wear uniforms to school would reduce violent incidents and discipline problems.

Some school personnel believe students and teachers tend to behave the way they are allowed to dress. Instead of adopting a policy for mandatory school uniforms, several schools have adopted a mandatory dress code policy for teachers as well as students, which aims to establish clear appearance and behavioral standards for all.

Long Beach Unified School District was the first large urban school district in the United States to require school uniforms for all students in grades kindergarten through grade eight, and it subsequently experienced great decreases in school violence, crime, and negativity (See table 1). Despite allowing parents the option to request exemption from school uniforms, less than 1% of all parents requested exemption in the first year of implementation. Again, during the 1995-1996 academic year less than 1% of parents requested exemption.

Other schools have followed the Long Beach example. To date, 12 states (California, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, and Washington) have state policies that permit individual schools or districts to adopt school uniform policies or dress codes. Nonetheless, Long Beach Unified and Oakland are the only two school districts to have adopted mandatory uniform policies at the district level. Most school uniform policies are determined at the individual school level. The White House Manual on School Uniforms revealed that several schools with mandatory uniform policies have shown subsequent decreases in school violence and truancy and increases in positive student demeanor.

Discipline Problem 1993 1994 % Change

Assault & Battery 319 212 -44%

Assault with deadly weapon 6 3 -50%

Fighting 1135 554 -41%

Sex Offenses 57 15 -74%

Robbery 29 10 -65%

Extortion 5 2 -60%

Chemical Substances 71 22 -89%

Weapons or look-alikes 165 78 -42%

Vandalism 1409 1155 -18%

Dangerous Devices 46 23 -50%

Table 1: Changes in incidents of sch

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