Aim to Identify Different Types Of Land

Aim -to Identify Different Types Of Land Use That Have Undergone Change In The Lea Valley Essay, Research Paper

Aim -to identify different types of land

use that have undergone change in the Lea Valley. -to examine the

reasons why the land use has changed. ..

- to investigate the impact of change upon the local community. -to investigate the impact of change upon the environment.Introduction-

The Lea Valley History Ponders End

started out as a large hamlet in the parish of Enfield. The High Street was

built up from Red Lane (Lincoln Road) to just south of Farm Lane (Southbury

Road). Houses were dotted along South Street as far as Ponders End Mill and the

Lee Navigation. There was also a small settlement clustered around Scotland Green.

There was no road access across the river to Chingford. (It was not until the

early eighteen-seventies that Lea Valley Road was built, financed by public

subscription). A report by the

General Board of Health (1850) on sanitary conditions in Enfield reveals an

alarming state of affairs in Ponders End. Many of the older cottages were

grossly overcrowded and extremely insanitary. The worst affected areas were

South Street and Scotland Green. The whole area suffered from poor drainage.Housing

development began at a fairly early date. Alma Road was developed from 1855 and

Napier Road had been laid out by 1867. The Lincoln House Estate (Derby Road and

Lincoln Road) was built up from 1871. Durants Road was developed from 1888 and

Nags Head Road from 1890. By 1914 much of the area had been built up, but there

was still open country separating Ponders End from Enfield Highway to the north

and Edmonton to the south.For many years

the nearest church was at Enfield Town. Then in 1831 St James Church was built

at Enfield Highway. Ponders End did not get a church of its own until 1878 when

St Matthew’s Church was erected in South Street. The nonconformists, however,

took Ponders End rather more seriously. An Independent Chapel was built in the

High Street in 1768. (This is the direct ancestor of the present United Reformed

Church).The oldest

industrial site is the Ponders End Mill. The present mill buildings date from

the late 18th century. In 1809 Grout and Baylis’ crape factory was built in

South Street. This closed in 1894 and the factory was later taken over by

United Flexible Metal Tubing. A jute mill was opened beside the Lee Navigation

in 1865, lasting until 1882. The building was taken over by Ediswan in 1886 and

used for the manufacture of electric light bulbs and later radio valves. During

World War I, a huge munitions factory, the Ponders End Shell Works was built in

Wharf Road. The factory buildings were sold off after the war. Further

factories were built in the thirties alongside the newly-built Great Cambridge

Road.After World War

II much of the older part of Ponders End was in a rundown state. From the

fifties onwards there was much council redevelopment particularly in the South

Street and Alma Road areas. Today Ponders End is an uneasy mixture of old and

new: the Mill buildings survive in the shadow of the Alma Road tower blocks.The River Lea

or Lee runs from Luton in Bedfordshire to the River Thames in east London.

Evidence of Bronze and Iron Age settlements have been found along the length of

the river and the Romans built Ermine Street parallel to the Lee shortly after

they arrived in Britain around two thousand years ago.The waters of

the Lee powered many mills producing flour, gunpowder and also England’s first

paper mill in c1494. As early as 1424 parliament passed an act allowing works

to improve navigation, and the Lee was for centuries an important goods highway

into London.. Malt, flour, coal and

gunpowder were all transported in large quantities to the capital. During the

mid 1700’s the navigation was much improved with new cuts and locks... Even after the arrival of the railways,

imported timber was still transported along the Lee to yards and factories at

Walthamstow and Tottenham, while coal was also taken up river to power stations

at Hackney, Brimsdown and Rye House..

The land surrounding the Lee near Stratford was ideally placed for

industries that London did not want right on it’s doorstep, such as

slaughterhouses or gas works, but did want products from. By all accounts it

was not hard to see (or smell) where the early bone china produced at Bow in

the 1700’s got it’s bones from! Many new industries later grew up around

Edmonton and Ponders End, including firms manufacturing the world’s first radio

valves and vacuum flasks... At Enfield

Lock, the Royal Small Arms Factory was the major supplier of arms for the

British Army for over a century, and the "Matchbox" toys of every

60’s schoolboy were made in factories on the Lee at Hackney. While there is

still industry in the Lee Valley,

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