Turkey Essay Research Paper Turkey 65599206 population

Turkey Essay, Research Paper

Turkey, 65,599,206

population, is a republic in Asia and a

small part of southerneastern Europe.

It.s lying between the Black Sea and

the Mediterranean Sea. turkey is

mountainous, coastol plain slightly

larger than Texas. The weather is

hot and dry in the summer with mild

wet winters. The people areTurks.

They speak the Turkish language,

Kurdish and Arabic. The government

is republician parliamentary

democracy, with a president; chief of

state head of government, the prime

minister; the cabinet, the Council of

Ministers appointed by the presiednt;

they do have a National Security

Council that avise the Presiednt and

the cabinet, similar to our

government. The economy is a mixed

system. It.s most important export is

textiles and clothing. The religion is

Muslim. The Koran is their holly

Bible that they live by. Their

education system is improving with a

modern school system to bring

literacy to the Turks. The artistic

tradition has given way to a move

western orientation. They are very

proud and hard woking people. The

men are the superior over the women.

Turkey is a very growing and

improving country.

Government

The government of Turkey

fluctuated following World War I.

The Allied power and Greece wanted

the country for themselves. This led

to the Turkish War of Independence.

On October 29, 1923, the Turkish

Republic was formed. The Allies and

Greece failed at what they where

trying to attempt. After the war, the

Turkish people abolished the religious

courts. They where free to warship

in anyway they pleased. Because of

the war women gained the right to

vote to vote.

In 1946, the multiparty era

began. A military junta seized power

and governed from 1960 to 1961. In

1961, a new constitution was ratified,

and elections began. The 70.s were a

time of political violence and economic

uncertainty. Because of this, in 1980

a second junta was formed, which

instituted martial law and abolished

all political parties. The second junta

was dissolved because of a new

constitution, adopted in 1982.

Turkey then became a republican

parliamentary democracy.

The country of Turkey is a

republic led by an elected president,

which is similar to our country.

Their president is H. E. Ahmet

Necdet Sezer. He is the commander-

in- chief of the armed forces, he is

presiding officer at cabinet meetings,

and the head of state. The Executive

branch is made up of the chief of

state, which is President Ahmet

Necdet Sezer; the head of government

is Prime Minister Bulent, who

represents the majority party or

coalition in Parliament. The cabinet

consist of Council of Ministers

appointed by the President. The

cabinet members are nominated by the

Prime Minister and elected by the

President. The President of Turkey

is elected by the Grand National

Assembly for a seven year term. All

citizens over 20 years old are entitled

to vote. The legislatue of the country

is the Grand National Assembly,

which is the Parliament of Turkey.

They have the power to make laws,

ratify treaties, and declare war. But

unlike our Congress they are an

unicameral legislature. This means

that they only have one house of

legislature. The Grand National

Assembly consist of two chambers,

the National Assembly and the

Senate. The National Assembly

consist of 450 members, who are

elected for 4 year terms by the people.

The Senate has 150 members, plus 40

others who are not elected, but

appointed as members for life. The

elections were last held April 18,

1999. The seats held by varies

parties are subject to change due to

defections, creation of new parties,

and ouster or death of sitting

deputies, as of January 1, 1999.

They receive their power from the

Constitution of 1982. The Assembly

is headed by the Prime Minister,

Bulent Ecevit.

Parliament in Turkey.s

electoral system are elected according

to the proportion of votes they

attract, rather then with the most

votes won. A party needs 10% of the

national vote before it can be

considered for a seat in Parliament.

And a party must win 25% of the vote

in a four- seat constituency, 33%in a

three- seat constituency. The result

is that three parties dominate,

Motherland Party, the True Path

Party, and the Social Democrat

Populist Party. The administrative

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