Sort History Essay Research Paper Three main

Sort History Essay, Research Paper

Three main groups in the philosophy of science

1st questions about science generally

2nd questions about group and the relation

3rd questions about main terms of science

I group questions about science

1st group Epistemological questions

1st Is scientific method the only rational way of research.

2nd Is scientific method rational at all.

3rd Is any better method.

4th What could be basis of theory if direct sensual experience couldn’t be

basis.

5th How much can we presuppose the certainity of any causal conclusion or

How much can we presuppose the future on such basis like past.

6th Can we find a measure of probability in relation to any hypothesis, how

much can prove, verify any hypothesis.

7th Is scientific experience hide presupposition or pre-theories.

2nd group Metaphysical questions

1st Does scientific theory represents the real work.

2ndCan scientific statements be objective.

3rd What is the meaning of explanation.

4th Does imaging existence exist.

3rd group Ethical questions

1st How big can the responsibility of the scientist to be in relation to

dangerous research/dangerous application.

2nd Are there any dangerous questions, which should be a widening.

II big group of science Discipline in science

1st Can united science exist, can we create GRAND UNITED THEORY

about world.

2nd Are methods of social and natural science same.

3rd Is scientific method only one.

4th Can we reduce/simplify sciences back to a basic science

5th What is the ‘reducing’, and ‘explanation’ and ‘verification’

III Discipline alone questions

Most important terms: ex: time, space, causality, sport, violence…

History of Philosophy

-1stscience without philosophy of science (ancient times math, geography, architecture…) -New field of understanding, new field of think establish truth, you follow truth you follow tradition

-Next finder of measure of truth is Holy sculpture (holy book)

-Around 3000 BC the early empires did many important different building (pyramids), this world presuppose sourness.

-That’s why we should know who is right (which master, empire)

-They where trying to do something traditional and they find a very logical version, a widening of controversy

-A new field of measure was born a widening of controversy, because in the other version everybody try to follow tradition

-The masters didn’t have problem for some years but from the 6th century many new discovery show the problematic size in science (ex. Physics, biology), and all masters collect all knowledge make it in books and they found two methodological problem:

A) How we can accept change and how we can accept exact situation without change

Dilemma

B) What is the relation between quality and quantity and how we can mere quality.

-In the 4th century BC the must of science knowledge

-They needed systematise system, that’s why Aristotle start to systematise the field of knowledge for different sciences and start to exam the real common scientific method. (Logic).

-In his book ‘Oracle’ establish the formal logic about the right way of conclusion, with the 3 Axioms (I. A=A, II. AΉA, III. B=A or A)

-He establish the axiomatic didactic science like math, geography, therefore first they postulate principles axioms and all conclusions where written down from them with logic, and on this way they create new ideas and from them they explain the sensual environment, therefore all ideas are like a ‘box’ and we take some sensual experience in to this box. (We get sensual experience on the basis of ideas and on the basis of axioms)

-This it was famous in Christianity because all sensual experience organized by central law, idea and believes.

-Ancient Christianity was very conservative and spiritual, in early classic century from 4th-13th A.C. they try to turn our attention (the inner world from the outter), that’s why they didn’t force the sensual examination of the environment. But this approach took them in a very dangerous situation in relation Arabian expantio (various industry) win over them on the wars because of better arming, force.

-At least the Papa himself try to give choise (permision) for examination of the nature. Also he gave a command to some prists to explain why we can exam the outer world.

-Who solve that was ’Sant Tomas Aquinus’ which he turn back to Aristotle and discover him and his system of science. So in the late scolastical universaries from 13th century A.C. the students learn more about science. ex. SEPTEM ARTES LIBERALES, 7 free arts (maths, geometry, grammar, music, astrology, retoric, logic)

-From the ’TRECENTO’ 13th century A.C. a new social group born in the traid in Italy and some western countries.

-Traid houses of textiliance, and they said that the new civil are not satisfied with the scholastic kind of understanding (the axiomatic kind of understanding), because the christian church cannot explain anything on the basis of bible. (ex wars between c

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