Taylorism Essay Research Paper Mail forum on

Taylorism Essay, Research Paper

Mail forum on

“Scientific Management” and Frederick W. Taylor. At one point Vincenzo

Sandrone submitted a post on the subject that the forum moderator deemed

appropriate to the discussion, but to long to be posted to the list.

What he did was post a notice to the list that the paper was available

from Mr. Sandrone via private E-Mail. What follows is that paper posted

on this site with permission of the author.

The paper will form part of an undergraduate thesis entitled

“Total Quality Engineering – A Holistic Approach to Engineering

Management” to be submitted in 1996 in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for a BE in Manufacturing Engineering at the University of

Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Mr. Sandrone’s source for quotes is:

Taylor Frederick W., 1964, Scientific Management – Comprising Shop

Management, The principles of Scientific Management and Testimony before

the Special House Committee, Harper and Row

All the quotes are from ‘Scientific Management’ this needs to be

highlighted as the edition restarted page numbers for each separate

section. That is, page numbers are not unique.

Please address any comments or critique to Mr. Sandrone.

==================================================================

With all the discussion of Taylorism on the list and arguments that

both sides did not have the facts, I have decided I may be able to

provide some information.

I have included a copy of the section on Taylorism from my in process

Undergraduate Thesis. I hope that it may help put some facts into the

discussion. Looking over the section I have realized that it contained

the highest density of direct quotes in my thesis. I feel this was my

subconscious way of fighting the, what I considered, misinformation

that I had received about Taylorism.

Unfortunately I could not find a “definition” of science as applied in

Scientific method. However, I would like to make two points:

1) Taylor did not call his original paper “Scientific management” and

by the time he published it the name had stuck and his publisher changed

the name. (I cannot recall the name of his original paper.)

2) He sort of defines “Scientific Management” by saying what it is

not -

It is not “Rule of Thumb” when you consider that piece work based on

arbitrary quotas ( and heavily biased to the employer) was normal

practice. The use of work study/measurement to determine a fair quota

was a step forward for both management and the workers.

==============================================================

Taylorism

Under Taylor’s management system, factories are managed through

scientific methods rather than by use of the empirical “rule of thumb”

so widely prevalent in the days of the late nineteenth century when

F. W. Taylor devised his system and published “Scientific Management”

in 1911.

The main elements of the Scientific Management are [1] :

“Time studies

Functional or specialized supervision

Standardization of tools and implements

Standardization of work methods

Separate Planning function

Management by exception principle

The use of “slide-rules and similar time-saving devices”

Instruction cards for workmen

Task allocation and large bonus for successful performance

The use of the ‘differential rate’

Mnemonic systems for classifying products and implements

A routing system

A modern costing system etc. etc. ”

Taylor called these elements “merely the elements or details of the

mechanisms of management” He saw them as extensions of the four

principles of management.[2]

1. The development of a true science

2. The scientific selection of the workman

3. The scientific education and development of the workman

4. Intimate and friendly cooperation between the management

and the men.

Taylor warned [3] of the risks managers make in attempting to make change

in what would presently be called, the culture, of the organization. He

stated the importance of management commitment and the need for gradual

implementation and education. He described “the really great problem”

involved in the change “consists of the complete revolution in the mental

attitude and the habits of all those engaged in the management, as well of

the workmen.” [4]

Taylor taught that there was one and only one method of work that maximized

efficiency. “And this one best method and best implementation can only be

discovered or developed through scientific study and analysis… This

involves the gradual substitution of science for ‘rule of thumb’ throughout

the mechanical arts.” [5]

“Scientific management requires first, a careful investigation

of each of the many modifications of the same implement,

devel

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