Aids Essay Research Paper HIV is the

Aids Essay, Research Paper

HIV is the abbreviation used for the human immunodeficiency virus. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), a life-threatening disease. HIV attacks the body’s immune system. Normally, the immune system produces white blood cells and antibodies that attack viruses and bacteria. The infection-fighting cells are called T-cell lymphocytes. Months to years after a person is infected with HIV, the virus destroys the T-cell lymphocytes. When the T-cell lymphocytes are destroyed, the immune system can no longer defend the body against diseases and tumors. Various infections called opportunistic infections develop. They are called opportunistic because they take advantage of the body’s weakened immune system. These infections would not normally cause severe or fatal health problems. However, when you have AIDS, the opportunistic infections eventually cause death because your body can no longer defend itself against them. AIDS is the condition of the body being overwhelmed by opportunistic infections and/or tumors. When the T-cell lymphocytes are destroyed, the immune system can no longer defend the body against diseases and tumors. Various infections called opportunistic infections develop. They are called opportunistic because they take advantage of the body’s weakened immune system. These infections would not normally cause severe or fatal health problems. However, when you have AIDS, the opportunistic infections eventually cause death because your body can no longer defend itself against them. AIDS is the condition of the body being overwhelmed by opportunistic infections and/or tumors. AIDS has been a part of life for almost twenty years, impacting how we think about health care, sex, privacy, relationships, and so many other issues that are a part of each day we live. In this course, we explore the larger effects of AIDS on American culture. I will examine HIV and AIDS from a variety of perspectives and disciplines talking about art, literature, and policy. law, history, medicine, and other ways of examining this disease. I also investigate how larger social issues such as race, sexual identity, gender, and class shapes our understandings of AIDS. Classification of HIV disease can be undertaken for several purposes and should be distinguished from disease staging. Staging is disease classification that aims primarily to make groupings that have different prognosis and can be used in guiding treatment decisions. Stages attempt to classify disease in a progressive sequence from least to most severe, each higher stage having a poorer prognosis or different medical management than the preceding stage. Early in the AIDS epidemic, clinical manifestations were frequently categorized as those diagnoses meeting the surveillance case definition of AIDS and other less severe signs and symptoms collectively known as AIDS-related conditions or complex (ARC). As more became known about the full spectrum of HIV-related disease, the term ARC was largely abandoned and the pathologic process from HIV infection to symptomatic disease was characterized with the more comprehensive phrase “HIV disease.” A number of classification and staging systems have been proposed for HIV disease, most using a combination of the CD4 lymphocyte count and symptoms, but only the classification scheme constructed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has gained wide acceptance. There are two main types ways of contracting HIV: (1) having sex with an infected person and (2) sharing a hypodermic needle or syringe with an affected. HIV is transmitted by the exchange of contaminated bodily fluids (blood, semen, or vaginal secretions). These bodily fluids may enter the body as the result of sexual contact with an infected partner, transfusion with contaminated blood, transplants of infected organs and tissues, sharing a hypodermic needle with an infected person, or being stuck by a needle previously used on a infected person. During sexual contact, HIV may enter the body through tiny cuts or sores in the mucosal lining of the vagina, rectum, and even the mouth. These cuts or sores may be so tiny that you may not be aware of them. As AIDS progresses, the person grows thinner and more fatigued, becomes unable to perform ordinary life functions, and falls prey to opportunistic infections, leading eventually to death. As it now stands, AIDS usually result in death within a few years. The estimated length of survival for the average person after the diagnosis of full-blown AIDS is little more than a year. In San Francisco, a 1980’s study of a sample of AIDS patients found that only 3.4 percent survived five years. The advent of new drugs offers hope of prolonging the lives of AIDS patient, however as well as delaying or perhaps even preventing the emergence of AIDS among people infected with HIV. The risks of HIV infection and deaths associated with AIDS fall most heavily on the least advantaged in our society: poor, urban, minority, women. African American and Hispanic- American women account for 19 percent of U.S. women but they represent 72 percent of cases of women with AIDS. AIDS is the leading cause of death among African-American women aged 14 to 44. HIV infection can be diagnosed by a blood test called ELISA. ELISA detects presence of HIV antibodies in the bloodstream. Drawing the blood takes only a few minutes and the results are usually available in tw