Grapes Of Wrath Essay Research Paper 2

Grapes Of Wrath Essay, Research Paper

Grapes of Wrath

By John Steinbeck

How does California seem to modern America? Violent. Crowded. Filled with bad people. People who live in cities and have lost touch with the earth. These people are portrayed in John Steinbeck s Grapes of Wrath as Californians. Yet, people from the Midwest flocked to California seeking prosperity and opportunity. Their land had been taken by the banks and turned into cotton fields. They were left homeless and desperate. These people sought to work in the fields where they could eat a peach or sit under a tree to relax.

But there wasn t a California as they had imagined. In fact, the world they entered into when they arrived in California was a cold one. The locals excluded the newcomers and forced them to leave. The locals tormented the foreigners, calling them Okies and telling them that they are unwanted. There was no work and when there was, the workers were underpaid and forced to work for low wages. California was hell.

But John Steinbeck creates this novel to fit the romance archetype. In this archetype, the hero makes a journey, encounters problems in his path which he overcomes, and reaches his final destination. The hero of the novel must be larger than life, strong, and different from others. He must be a natural leader and greatly glorified. The earth resembles the Garden of Eden, or a paradise. He must be in touch with the earth.

The Grapes of Wrath has many obvious connections to the romance archetype, and many subtle connections. One of the more obvious connections is the journey. The main characters, the Joads, embark on a journey from Kansas to California. In the 1930 s Kansas was in the Dust Bowl , a part of the Midwest where the land dried up, causing fierce dust storms that could kill people. California, on the other hand, was the beautiful, fertile valley, where people could pick peaches, become prosperous, and eventually buy a house to settle down. The fact that the Joads traveled from a terrible place to a better place fits the romance archetype. This better place they search for is the connection to the earth that they once had in Kansas. They envision that they can find it in California as well.

The characters show an obvious connection to the archetype. The romantic hero in this novel is Tom Joad. Tom is larger than life. On the trip he is the leader of the family, even superior to his father. Tom is feared and respected, for he had once killed a man in a fight.

Al tried to control his question. Did-did you bust out? Of jail?

No, said Tom. I got paroled.

Oh. And Al was a little disappointed.

In the previous quote, Tom s brother, Al, looked up to Tom so much that he had expected him to escape. Tom is the older brother and therefore the most respected. When the father of the man Tom killed threatened to kill Tom, Tom s grandfather said, Don t mess around with no Joad… You lay your sights anywheres near Tommy and I ll take it and ram it up your ass. Tom knows about cars, Tom knows if people are lying, and isn t afraid to stand up for himself. Tom was always a fighter, as his mother said about him when he wanted to stop the banks from taking his house, Tommy, don t you go fightin em alone. They ll hunt you down like a coyote.

The other characters in the text are glorified and larger than life. All the characters seem muscular, which fits the archetypal pattern of a Romantic hero: And she wrung out overalls and shirts, and the muscles of her forearms corded out, The sleeves of his shirt were tight on his forearms, held down by the bulging, powerful muscles. The other family members are also respected and praised during the text. They make wise statements, so they appear intelligent. Ma was smart in a natural way, not from education: You can cook little stuff in a big kettle, but you can t cook big stuff in a little pot.

Compare California to Kansas. On the first page of the text, Steinbeck describes the land and the animals, such as gophers. The first animals the Joads see in California are a rattlesnake (which Tom kills) and a dog (which gets hit by a car). But California was certainly a paradise, no matter how much evil occurred there. It was the Eden, which refers to the romance archetype once again. This California is described as a place where, it ll be different out there-plenty work, an ever thing nice and green, an little white houses an oranges growin aroun . Although the terms evil and Eden seem to contradict themselves, there is a reason for the evil in California.

The reality of California is best described by a man who was leaving the state: She s a nice country. But she was stole a long time ago. You git acrost the desert an come into the country aroun Bakersfield. An you never seen such purty country-all orchards an grapes, purtiest country you ever seen. An you ll pass lan flat an fine with water thirty feet down, and that lan s layin fallow. But you can t have none of that lan . That s a Lan and Cattle Company. An if they don t want ta work her, she ain t gonna get worked. You go in there and plant you a little corn, an you ll go to jail! … Sure, nice to look at, but you can t have none of it. They s a grove of yella oranges-an a guy with a gun that got the right to kill you if you touch one. They s a fella, newspaper fella near the coast, got a mill