Body Systems Essay Research Paper Body SystemsKnowing

Body Systems Essay, Research Paper

Body Systems

Knowing about the body systems is important. When you know about your body, you?ll be more healthy than if you didn?t. Any sport player needs to know and understand how all his muscles work, so when it comes to exercise or working out, they can know what their limits are.

The skeletal system is made up of your bones, ligaments, and tendons. It determines the shape and symmetry of the body; acts as a protective device for your organs; acts as a firm base for the attachments of muscles (without bones, your muscles would not function properly); and the marrow tissues in the cavity of the bones produces red cells and some white cells, required in your blood.

Humans have an endoskeleton, meaning that the skeleton is located inside of the body. It consists of about 200 bones. The number of bones varies, because some bones fuse at different periods of time. Most bones are hollow with marrow bones inside. Ligaments connect bones to bones, and tendons connect bones to muscles.

The human skeleton is divided into an appendicular skeleton (bones of arms and legs or “appendages”), and the axial skeleton (skull, backbone or “vertebrae”)

The human body contains more than 650 individual muscles which are attached to the skeleton, which provides the pulling power for us to move around. The main job of the muscular system is to provide movement for the body. The muscular system consists of three different types of muscle tissues: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Each of these different tissues has the ability to contract, which then allows body movements and functions. There are two types of muscles in the system and they are the voluntary and involuntary muscles. The muscles that we are allowed to control ourselves are called the voluntary muscles. The muscles we can?t control are called the involuntary muscles. The heart, or the cardiac muscle, is an example of involuntary muscles.

The human nervous system is responsible for sending, receiving, and processing nerve impulses throughout the body. All the organs and muscles inside your body rely upon these nerve impulses to function. It could be considered as the master control unit inside of your body. Sense organs provide the nervous system with information about the environment by means of such senses as sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, pressure, and pain. Nerves are connected throughout the whole body to the brain. They carry the information throughout the body in the form of electrochemical signals called impulses. These impulses travel from the brain and spinal cord to the nerves located throughout the body. It is largely made up of specialized cells called neurons. Each of these neurons has a cell body, or cyton, which contains the nucleus and organelles. It takes the corporation of three systems to carry out the mission of the nervous system. They are the central, the peripheral, and the autonomic nervous systems.

The endocrine system is a collection of special organs in the body that produce hormones. Theses organs are usually called the “glands.” They are located in different parts of the body. For example, the pituitary is in the brain, the thyroid is in the neck, the adrenal glands are in the kidneys, and the sexual glands (ovaries and testes) are located in the sexual organs. Each gland releases a hormone into the blood, which travels all through the body. Hormones regulate our body activities, for example: growth, sleep, sudden actions, feelings and blood sugar for energy.

The digestive system contains organs for changing food chemically for absorption by body tissues. It is also responsible for processing food, breaking it down into usable proteins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, and other substances. The digestion process involves breaking food into simple soluble substances absorbable by tissues.

The digestion process includes both mechanical and chemical processes. The mechanical processes include chewing to reduce food into smaller particles, the churning actions of the stomach, and the intestinal peristaltic action. Three different chemical reactions take place: conversions of carbohydrates into such simple sugars as glucose, breaking down of protein into amino acids, and the conversion of fats into fatty acids and glycerol. These processes are accomplished by specific enzymes.

The respiratory system?s main task is to supply oxygen to the blood and to get rid of waste gases. Carbon dioxide is the primary gas that the blood needs to get rid of. The upper structures of the respiratory system are combined with the sensory organs of smell and taste and the digestive system. When you inhale (breathing in) your skeletal; muscle and the diaphragm contract, which then enlarges the chest cavity and causes the lungs to draw in air. This creates a partial vacuum in the thoracic cavity, air passes through the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and then into the two bronchi to the lungs. Oxygen and carbon dioxide passes between the blood and the air in the alveoli, which are at the ends of the smallest bronchi. Oxygen diffuses from the inhaled air through the alveoli walls into the capillaries. The lungs contain more than 300 million alveoli. When you exhale or breathe out, your skeletal muscles and diaphragm returned to the relaxed position which decreases the size of the chest cavity and ther