The Bauhaus Notes Essay Research Paper ArchitecturearchitectureWhen

The Bauhaus Notes Essay, Research Paper

Architecturearchitecture

When Walter Gropius resigned as the head of the Bauhaus in 1930, Ludwig

Mies Van Der Rohe (1886-1969) became its director, moving it to Berlin

before political pressures forced it to close in 1933. In his architecture

and furniture he made a clear and elegant statement of the International

Style, so much so that his work had enormous influence on modern

architecture. Taking his motto “less is more” and calling his architecture

“skin and bones,” his aesthetic was already fully formed in the model for

a glass skyscraper office building he concieved in 1921.

Working with glass provided him with new freedom and many new

possiblities. In the glass model, three irreguarly shaped towers flow

outward from a central court. The perimeter walls are wholly transparent,

the regular horizontal patterning of the cantilevered floor panes and

their thin vertical supporting elements. The weblike delicacy of the lines

of the glass model, its radiance, and the illusion of movement created by

reflection and by light changes seen through it prefigure many of the

glass skyscrapers of major cities throughout the world.

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Architecture architecture

Georg Muche's Haus am Horn, the model house for the Bauhaus exibition in

1923, was the first house he had ever designed. It is an extraordinary

little Modernist Villa, classical in its own way. As the floor plan shows,

it was designed for a single family with young children and no servants.

The living room stands at the centre of the house, surrounded by all the

other, much smaller rooms and lit by clerestory windows above. The

surrounding rooms are linked in a logical way for middle-class households

(the man's and the woman's rooms both lead into the bathroom, the womans

room connects with the nursery and so on).

Muche became as fascinated by the idea of low cost, quick assembly

prefabricated buildings as Gropius and Meyer. In 1925 they designed a

house that could be assembled simply from steel panels.

]previous[ ]next[

Architecturearchitecture

When Walter Gropius resigned as the head of the Bauhaus in 1930, Ludwig

Mies Van Der Rohe (1886-1969) became its director, moving it to Berlin

before political pressures forced it to close in 1933. In his architecture

and furniture he made a clear and elegant statement of the International

Style, so much so that his work had enormous influence on modern

architecture. Taking his motto "less is more" and calling his architecture

"skin and bones," his aesthetic was already fully formed in the model for

a glass skyscraper office building he concieved in 1921.

Working with glass provided him with new freedom and many new

possiblities. In the glass model, three irreguarly shaped towers flow

outward from a central court. The perimeter walls are wholly transparent,

the regular horizontal patterning of the cantilevered floor panes and

their thin vertical supporting elements. The weblike delicacy of the lines

of the glass model, its radiance, and the illusion of movement created by

reflection and by light changes seen through it prefigure many of the

glass skyscrapers of major cities throughout the world.

]previous[ ]next[

Architecturearchitecture

]g a l l e r y[ It was clear from Gropius's Manifesto that the ultimate

aim of the Bauhaus was architecture; the very name Bauhaus suggests it

most strongly. Each of the school's three directors, Gropius, Meyer and

Van Der Rohe, were above all an architect and, rightly or wrongly, the

Bauhaus has become strongly identified with the architectural approach

that has variously been called Modernism, The Modern Movement or the

International Style.

The debate surrounding Modernism or the new architecture was carried on in

terms heavy with moral conotations: truth, purity and honesty. Democracy

even entered into it with the attempt to suppress the predominance of one

face of the building in favor of buildings that would only be appreciated

by walking around or through them.

The structure of the building had to be expressed clearly by its outward

appearance. In formal terms, the horizontal was emphasised rather than the

imposing verticals of 19th Century public buildings; flat planes were

interlocked at right angles and surfaces were rendered white to symbolize

purity and clarity. One of the most controversial elements in the german

context was the use of the flat roof; the pitched roof was seen in

conservative circles as inalienably Germanic.

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Bauhausbauhaus

The Bauhaus is not a style; it is a collection of attitudes. The Bauhaus

was founded in Weimar Germany in 1919 by the architect [Walter Gropius].

The Bauhaus Manifesto was to unite the teaching of fine art, applie

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