Augustus Caesar Essay Research Paper The year

Augustus Caesar Essay, Research Paper

The year 509 BC Rome finally became a Republic

and thus started the Roman empire. As Rome rose to power they went through

many wars and many conflicts between the plebeians and patricians. The

republic was made out of 3 groups, the consuls which were 2 men elected

from the senate, the senate which was made of 300 patricians, and the assembly

made from plebeians. Many years later Rome started to reject the republic

when it went into a series of civil wars. 3 men form the first triumvirate,

Julius Caesar, Pompeii, and Crassus. Julius Caesar became the victor. He

was then rewarded dictator for life. On the date September 23, 63 BC a

boy was born. He was originally Caesar’s grand-nephew. This boy would later

grow to a power and change Rome for good.

Julius Caesar had become dictator for life.

2 years later he was assassinated by members of the senate. A young boy

named Octavian, was 18 years old. Octavian was Caesar’s grand-nephew but

Octavian had always hoped Caesar would take him as a son. Octavian knew

of everything that Caesar had done. From conquering Gaul to when he crossed

the Rublican with his army, and also when he defeated his enemies and became

the most powerful man in Rome. At the age of 14 Octavian had finally met

his great-uncle and hero when he came back from Asia Minor and said the

3 famous words that summed up his victory, “Veni, Vidi, Vici.” Latin for

“I came, I saw, I conquered” In Caesar’s will, Octavian’s dream had finally

come true. Caesar had adopted him as his son. In Caesar’s will he left

his money to a man named Marc Anthony. He was a powerful general at the

time. He was a consul of Rome and successor to Caesar. Octavian knew he

couldn’t just get the money from Anthony. Octavian had no military experience

or political experience. But he was now Julius Caesar’s son.

As Rome once again fell into devastation,

they needed someone who could pull Rome back together and take control.

This led to the second triumvirate. The three men who were running in this

were Lepidus, Octavian, and Marc Anthony. After Lepidus retired from running

for dictator, it left only Octavian and Marc Anthony. As Marc Anthony and

Cleopatra set out to take the throne in Rome, they went to western Rome

in Asia Minor to win battles. Anthony won the battle of Armenia but soon

after returned to Alexandria instead of Rome. When People had wondered

why he had done this Octavian said to the senate “Anthony intends to make

Alexandria, instead of Rome, the capital of the Roman empire. Anthony is

bewitched by Cleopatra. Has he not bestowed upon her provinces which belong

to you, as Romans. Has he not deserted Octavia, his faithful wife, for

that accursed female (Foster 114).” Anthony started moving his Egyptian

fleet and 200 ships toward a city called Actium. Octavian had a fleet off

400 ships waiting for him, and Octavian soon won the battle. Anthony had

heard that Cleopatra had killed herself, and without thought he killed

himself so he could be with her. Cleopatra though, wasn’t dead. She came

back home to visit Anthony’s tomb. She then went to her own tomb and poisoned

herself. Octavian now stood alone, one ruler who now controlled all of

Rome and now a new Roman province, Egypt.

Octavian now was ruler of Rome. Since he

was Julius Caesar’s adopted son, in January, 27 BC the senate changed his

name from Octavian to Augustus Caesar. From this point on, Pax Romana had

begun. Pax Romana is Latin for Rome in peace. Peace was finally restored

in Rome, And Augustus was the imperator. Imperator later became know as

emperor. Augustus was the first emperor of Rome. The first thing Augustus

did to restore peace was present to Rome a new constitution. This constitution

“transferred the State to the free disposal of the Senate and people (”Augustus”

370).” There were still several civil wars but definitely not as many as

before. He had many military operations continuing in many frontier areas.

By the year 25 BC rebellious Alpine tribes were defeated and destroyed.

In central Asia Minor an area named Galatia was annexed. But a place called

Mauretania was changed from Roman provincial status to a client-kingdom

which had a dependent monarchy. Around the year 23 BC reports of conspiracies

made him feel that new constitutional stops were necessary. He continued

to End all his series of consulships in favor of a power in which disconnected

altogether from office and it’s businesslike inconveniences. This gained

power had raised Augustus to a new level. Augustus had listen to the poor

people and had supported them. He also tended to back the established classes

as the basis of his system. Augustus, around 19 BC, started to witness

some social occasions. He encouraged marriage, regulated penalties for

adultery, and reduce ext

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