The Handmaids Tale Essay Research Paper The

The Handmaids Tale Essay, Research Paper

The Handmaids Tale

In Margaret Atwoods novel, “The Handmaids Tale”, the birth rate in the

United States had dropped so low that extremists decided to take matters into

their own hands by killing off the government, taking over themselves, and

reducing the womens role in society to that of a silent birthing machine. One

handmaid describes what happened and how it came about as she, too, is forced to

comply with the new order.

Before the new order, known as the Sons of Jacob, took over, women had a

lot to be afraid of. They had freedom to do whatever they wanted, but this

freedom was severely inhibited by maniacs who could strike at any time. Women

followed rules to keep them out of danger, but they were not enforced.

“I remember the rules, rules that were never spelled out but that every woman

knew; dont open your door to a stranger, even if he is the police. Make him

slide his ID under the door. Dont stop on the road to help a motorist

pretending to be in trouble. Keep the locks on and keep going. If anyone

whistles, dont turn to look. Dont go into a laundromat, by yourself, at night .

.. Women were not protected then.”(p. 24)

Nobody believed it could happen to them. When the Sons of Jacob took over and

began to take away their freedom, they accepted it. They were afraid and the

Sons gave them some security. Because they accepted the first few laws, it was

hard to refuse to not go along with the ones that followed.

When the women were finally stripped of their identities, they felt as

though they had deserved it because they had done nothing to try and save any of

their other rights.

“We looked at one anothers faces and saw dismay, and a certain shame, as if wed

been caught doing something we shouldnt. Its outrageous one woman said, but

without belief. What was it about this that made us feel we deserved it.”(p.

166)

The Sons used this insecurity to round up the women and place them in

institutions where they would be “safe”. Once they had them within their

clutches, they were able to use them for their own purposes.

The key to the whole program was using other women to train and control

them. It is hard to go against your own kind, and the Sons knew that if they

used men, it wouldnt work. The women would feel oppressed and strike back as

one group, or could too easily seduce the males to get their own way.

“Something could be exchanged… We still had our bodies.”(p. 4) By using other

women, known as the Aunts, they could tell the women that they understood and

knew what it was like, and that all this was for their own good, to keep them

safe and make their world a better place.

There were many of these training facilities, but we learn the most

about the red centers, where the women are trained to be handmaidens. In other

words, mistresses, to bear children for wives who were no longer capable of

child birth, but too important to get rid of.

Older women, and some incapable of child birth were trained as Marthas.

They were servants to the wives and raised the children, if they were lucky

enough to have one.

The poorer women were called Econowives and performed the duties of wife,

handmaiden and Martha. The final category was the “unwomen”; those who had

committed some crime such as abortion, or who were too old to be good for

anything. These “unwomen” were sent to the edges of the colonies to clean up

nuclear waste or work in the industries. Both of which would soon lead to death.

The women were distinguished by the color of robes they wore, which

reached to the ground, revealing nothing. This was another way of keeping them

safe, so men would not be tempted. The handmaids wore red, the Marthas green,

the wives blue, daughters white, the unwomen wore grey, and “the striped dresses,

red and blue and green and cheap and skimpy, mark the women of the poorer

men.”(p. 23) the econowives. “Sometimes there is a woman all in black, a widow.

There used to be more of them, but they seem to be diminishing.”(p. 23) The

Sons of Jacob did not want any fertile women to go to waste.

The handmaids and Marthas were then given positions in the houses.

Marthas were permanent, but a handmaid changed every three years, if they lasted

that long. Becoming pregnant was always first and foremost in their minds.

Their lives depended on it. The handmaid telling the story grew to despise her

body because it determined who she was so completely. Yet, “No woman in her

right mind, these days, would seek to prevent a birth, should she be so lucky as

to conceive.”(p. 32)

The children of the handmaids were to become the daughters and be

married off to the soldiers and begin reproducing as soon as possible. Once

more daughters were born and raised, it was planned that there would no longer

be any need fo

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